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Joseph Wilhelm Swoboda
Joseph Wilhelm Swoboda (1806-1882) was a Czech operatic tenor, actor, and opera director. He started his career as a stage actor in his native country during the 1820s. He began his opera career in 1836 in Neustrelitz, and after appearing at several German opera houses, became a leading and comprimario tenor at the Vienna Hofoper from 1849-1865. He then served as the director of that theatre from 1865-1875; after which he worked in the same capacity at the Deutsches Theater Budapest from 1875-1878.
==Early life and career==
Born in Prague, Swoboda studied philosophy in his native city and spent his early career there as a stage actor during the 1820s and 1830s. In 1836-1837 he started singing in operas at the court theatre in Neustrelitz; followed by engagements at the Leipzig Opera House (1837-1838) and the Halle Opera House (1838-1839). On 22 December 1837 he created the role of the Marquis de Chateauneuf in Albert Lortzing's ''Zar und Zimmermann'' in Leipzig. In the 1840-1841 season in Düsseldorf he appeared opposite his wife, dramatic soprano Angelika Peréchon-Swoboda, under the stage name Joseph Nork. In 1841 both he and his wife were engaged at the opera house in Frankfurt am Main. He continued to perform there through 1848 as Joseph Nork, mostly in buffo and comprimario roles. In 1846 his wife died at the age of 30. Their son, Albin Swoboda, Sr. (1836-1901) would later become one of the most famous opera singers in the "Golden Age" of Viennese operetta, and their other son Karl Swoboda was also an opera singer. Their grandson Albin Swoboda, Jr. was a successful bass-baritone.〔(Swoboda, Joseph bio at operissimo.com )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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